Legacy of Alexander

 

Personal Legacy

      Few mourned his passing

      Personal murders and abuse

      Left a massive “trail of rapine, slaughter and subjugation” (Green 477)

            Bosworth, A. B., Alexander in the East: The Tragedy of Triumph, (Oxford, 1996)

      Rebellion flares up whenever he leaves

      “To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield” (Tennyson, Ulysses, cited in Green 488)

 

“It is idle to palliate this central truth, to pretend that he dreamed, in some mysterious fashion, of wading through rivers of blood and violence to achieve the Brotherhood of Man by raping an entire continent.” (Green 488)

 

 

Political and Military legacy

      Established military system that would last for three centuries

      Era of 40 years of warfare in Middle East

            Golden Age of Pax Persica was over

      Political Disunity of E Mediterranean

            Alexander failed to establish Greek or Near Eastern unity

            Leaves an age of ongoing conflict between Hellenistic kingdoms

            Lay foundation for Roman conquests

                  Cultural unity within political fragmentation

      Ultimately split the Middle East into two competing spheres:

            Persian (Iran & Mesopotamia)

            Hellenistic (Anatolia, Syria and Egypt)

 

 

Cultural legacy

      Spread of Hellenism

      Migration of Greeks throughout E Mediterranean

            Mercenaries, Administrators, Merchants, Scholars, Commoners

      Adoption of Greek Language, Culture & Religion

            Essentially Urban: Alexandria, Antioch, Pergamum, Seleucia

      Absorption of local elites

            but not average people

      Common foundation of most intellectuals

            Hellenization of Jews

            Hellenization of the Romans

      Ultimate victory is in Hellenization of Christianity

            New Testament in Greek

 


 

Economic Legacy

      Cash flow

            Hording vs. circulating

            Put 200,000 talents of bullion into circulation

                  200,000 captured from Persians

                  About 7000 a year in income = 50,000 in seven years

                  50,000 left in Treasury at this death

                  Economic foresight vs. extravagance and corruption?

      Trade

            Eastern Mediterranean nexus

            Oriental Trade

      Cities

            Alexandria

            Charax

      Constant warfare causes economic problems

 

 

Religious Legacy

      Cult of Alexander

      Hellenistic divine kingship

            Hellenistic Kingdoms

            Roman Empire

            Indirectly in Byzantine Empire

      Syncretism of Greek and Near Eastern religions